Metapragmatics: When the author brings meaning and the addressee context
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2020.109Abstract
The present article is formulated against the background of a theory of metapragmatics that studies how the effects of language usage are objects of discourse analyses. The notion of metapragmatics is discussed as it follows from approaches by Jacobson, Silverstein, Verschueren, Spitzmüller and is in line with modern approaches in intercultural sociolinguistics. Metapragmatics focuses on the reflexive metacommunicative effects of linguistic choices in discourse. Metapragmatic reflexivity is behind the meaning construction and linguistic choice when considering language in use. As a point of departure in analyzing the meaning making processes is the presumption, that meaning derives from social situation. The focus is placed on the notion of social sharing. Semantisation and contextualization are discussed as connected but sometimes divergent processes. The present paper aims to prove that understanding is the result of proper contextualization in which utterances are made to fit a particular context. Context change, or incorrect contextualization, can cause communicative conflicts and misunderstandings. Thus this paper has two central notions of context and contextualization to discuss the processes of meaning making within social practice. The theoretical and methodological framework under discussion is exemplified on a modern Russian sociocultural practice. The social effects of misunderstandings through context change are considered.
Keywords:
metapragmatics, language in society, context, contextualization
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References
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Dijk 2008 — Dijk T.A. van. Discourse and context: A sociocognitive approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008. 267 p.
Dijk 2009 — Dijk T.A. van. Society in discourse: How context controls text and talk. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. 287 p.
Dijk, Kintsch 1983 — Dijk T.A. van, Kintsch W. Strategies in discourse comprehension. New York: Academic Press, 1983. 413 p.
Duranti, Goodwin 1992 — Duranti A., Goodwin Ch. Rethinking context: An introduction. In: Rethinking context: Language as an interactive phenomenon. Duranti A., Goodwin Ch. (eds.). Ser.: Studies in the Social and Cultural Foundations of Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992. P. 1–42.
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Gumperz 2002 — Gumperz J.J. Sharing common ground. In: Soziale Welten und kommunikative Stile. Keim I., Schütte W. (eds.). Tübingen: Narr, 2002. P. 47–55.
Jakobson 1985 [1956] — Jakobson R. Metalanguage as a linguistic problem [1956]. Jakobson R. Selected writings: in 9 vols. Rudy S. (ed.). Vol. 7. Berlin: Mouton De Gruyter, 1985. P. 113–121.
Johnson-Laird 1989 — Johnson-Laird P.N. Mental models. In: Foundations of cognitive science. Posner M.I. (ed.). Cambridge (MA): MIT Press, 1989. P. 469–499.
Kulikova 2019 — Kulikova L.V. Intercultural mediation: a discourse-analytical perspective. Voprosy kognitivnoi lingvistiki. 2019, (3): 26–35. DOI: 10.20916/1812-3228-2019-3-26-35.
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Silverstein 2003 — Silverstein M. Indexical order and the dialectics of sociolinguistic life. Language and Communication. 2003, 23 (3–4): 193–229.
Spitzmüller 2013 — Spitzmüller J. Metapragmatik, Indexikalität, soziale Registrierung: Zur diskursiven Konstruktion sprachideologischer Positionen. Zeitschrift für Diskursforschung. 2013, (1/3): 263–287.
Verschueren 2000 — Verschueren J. Notes on the role of metapragmatic awareness in language use. Pragmatics. 2000, 10 (4): 439–456.
Widdowson 2004 — Widdowson H.G. Text, context, pretext: Critical issues in discourse analysis. Ser.: Language in Society. Milden (MA): Wiley-Blackwell, 2004. 200 p.
Zemtzov 1991 — Zemtzov I. Encyclopedia of Soviet life. London: New Brunswick, 1991. 261 p.
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