Estimation of regiolect speech and its speakers depending on social parameters
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.206Abstract
The paper considers estimation of regiolect speech in accordance with metalinguistic characteristics, as well as estimation of the speakers by their speech depending on the place of residence of the speakers and the estimating experts, and on other social parameters. The study includes fragments of interviews with residents of Solikamsk and Kungur (two towns within the same region); the sample of the speakers is balanced by the factors “city of residence”, “gender”, “age”, and “education”. The respondents — residents of Solikamsk, Kungur, Perm and St Petersburg — estimated the speech according to six metalinguistic scales, and the speakers according to six social parameters. The results of the experiment showed that the boundaries of in- and outgroups are drawn differently depending on the scales used (a town vs a city or the same region vs a different region). Identification of social characteristics of the speaker by their speech demonstrates the following patterns: gender is identified accurately and predetermines the use of strong and uniform stereotypes; age is identified by the speech characteristics; education level is not significant according to our material. The connection between stereotypical representations of speech and the speaker under normal conditions is revealed. In regions or towns with a stable regional norm, speech social stereotypes based on this norm are developed. If the speech of a region or a town is a mixture of different language systems and the local norm is unstable, the formation of speech social stereotypes is complicated.
Keywords:
regiolect, variation, social groups, metalinguistic estimations of speech, language attitude
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Литература
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Krause et al. 2003 — Krause M., Ljublinskaja V., Sappok Ch., Evdokimov E., Moskina E., Podrusnjak V. Mentale Dialektkarten und Dialektimages in Russland: metasprachliches Wissen und linguistische Determinanten der Bewertung von Dialekten. Zeitschrift fur Slavistik. 2003, 48 (2): 188–211.
Krause et al. 2006 — Krause M., Ljublinskaja V.V., Sappok Ch. Russian speaker’s dialect image — a perceptional study. In: Topics in dialectal variation: Selection of Papers from the Eleventh International Conference on Methods in Dialectolog. Filppula M. et al. (еds). Joensuu: University of Joensuu, 2006. P. 31–34.
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Long, Preston 2002 — Handbook of Perceptual Dialectology. Long D., Preston D. (еds). Vol. 2. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2002.
Lumbert et al. 1966 — Lumbert W.E., Frankel H., Tucker G.R. Judging personality through speech: a French-Canadian example. The Journal of Communication. 1966, 16 (4): 305–321.
Mulac et al. 1974 — Mulac A., Hanley T.D., Prigge D.Y. Effects of phonological speech foreignness upon three dimensions of attitude of selected American listeners. Quarterly Journal of Speech. 1974, 60 (4): 411–420.
Niedzielski, Preston 2003 — Niedzielski N., Preston D. Folk Linguistics. Berlin; New York: de Gruyter, 2003.
Preston 1999 — Handbook of Perceptual Dialectology. Vol. 1. Preston D. (еd.). Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1999.
Ryan, Carranza 1975 — Ryan E.B., Carranza M.A. Evaluative reactions of adolescents toward speakers of standard English and Mexican American accented English. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1975, 31 (5): 855–863.
Schmidt, Herrgen 2011 — Schmidt J.E., Herrgen J. Sprachdynamik: Eine Einführung in die moderne Regionalsprachenforschung. Berlin: Erich Schmidt, 2011.
Spiekermann 2008 — Spiekermann H. Sprach in Baden-Württemberg: Merkmale des Regionalen Standart. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag, 2008.
Svenstrup 2013 — Svenstrup Ch. H. Language Attitudes in south-west Germany. In: Language (de)standardization in late modern Europe: Experimental studies. Kristiansen T., Grondelaers S. (eds). Oslo: Novus Press, 2013. P. 55–70.
Trudgill 1986 — Trudgill P. Dialects in contact. Oxford: Blackwell, 1986.
Zahn, Hopper 1985 — Zahn Ch. J., Hopper R. Measuring Language Attitudes: The Speech Evaluation Instrument. Journal of Language and Social Psychology. 1985, (4): 113–123.
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