The рrospective in Spanish: Forms, semantics, pragmatics (part 1)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2021.308Abstract
Based on corpus data, the article discusses three Spanish infinitive constructions with a prospective meaning: two constructions with the verb of location estar and one with the verb of movement ir: </estar a punto de + inf.>, </estar por + inf.> and </ir a + inf.>. A new approach is applied that views these constructions as a means of expressing the grammeme of the prospective in Spanish. The first part of the article contains an overview of the results of a corpus study of all three constructions which aims to clarify both diachronic and synchronic issues of the simultaneous functioning of three different means of expressing prospective semantics, their frequency, as well as the distribution of each construction in the Spanishspeaking area. The first part also offers a detailed comparative analysis of the semantics of two infinitive constructions with estar. It begins with the establishment of a characteristic restriction for both constructions on filling the infinitive slot with atelic lexemes (which makes them different from the construction with the motion verb) and ends with proposed interpretations of the semantics of both constructions with the verb of location. In the second part of the work, based on a review of descriptive grammars, theories, and corpus research, the prospective construction with the verb of movement ir is discussed, and (based on the results of a corpus study of all three constructions) a description of the prospective zone in Spanish is proposed from the position of general, i. e., typologically oriented, morphology and grammatical semantics.
Keywords:
prospective, Spanish, analytical construction, corpus study, semantics
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References
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Carrasco Gutiérrez 2006a — Carrasco Gutiérrez A. “Estar a punto de + infinitivo”. In: García Fernández L. (dir.). Diccionario de perífrasis verbales. Madrid: Gredos, 2006. P. 146–152.
Comrie 1976 — Comrie B. Aspect. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976. 142 p.
Dahl 1985 — Dahl Ö. Tense and aspect systems. Oxford: Blackwell, 1985. 213 p.
Davies 2006 — Davies M. A Frequency Dictionary of Spanish. New York: Routledge, 2006. 286 p.
García González 1992 — García González J. Perífrasis verbales. Madrid: Sociedad General Española de Librería, 1992. 157 p.
Gómez Torrego 1988 — Gómez Torrego L. Perífrasis verbales: Sintaxis, semántica y estilística. Madrid: Arco/Libros, 1988. 245 p.
Gómez Torrego 1999 — Gómez Torrego L. Los verbos auxiliares. Las perífrasis verbales de infinitivo. In: Gramática descriptiva de la lengua española (Real Academia Española). Bosque I., Demonte V. (eds.). Madrid: Espasa-Calpe, 1999. P. 3323–3390.
Gramática Descriptiva 1999 —Gramática descriptiva de la lengua española. Real Academia Española (RAE). Bosque I., Demonte V. (eds.). Madrid: Espasa-Calpe, 1999. 5351 p.
Nueva gramática 2009 — Nueva gramática de la lengua española. Real Academia Española (RAE). Madrid: Espasa Libros, 2009. 3885 p.
Olbertz 2011 — Olbertz H. Verbal Periphrases in a Functional Grammar of Spanish. (1th ed. — 1998). Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2011, 608 p.
Topor 2011a — Topor M. Diccionario trilingüe de perífrasis verbales: español ⇒ rumano/catalán. URL: http://grial.uab.es/sensem/perifrasis/ (accessed: 22.03.2017)
Topor 2011b — Topor M. Perífrasis verbales del español y rumano. Un estudio contrastivo. PhD. Universitat de Lleida, 2011. 715 p. URL: http://www.tesisenred.net/handle/10803/31989 (accessed: 22.02.2017).
Yllera 1980 — Yllera A. Sintaxis histórica del verbo español: las perífrasis medievales. Zaragoza: Universidad de Zaragoza, 1980. 374 p.
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